Ultimate NEET SS Surgery Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Study Materials

Coronary Artery RevascularizationPercutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) are the main procedures  for...

Valves Of HeartThe semilunar nature of both the aortic and pulmonary valves indicates that they are located between the ventricular outflow tract...

Causes: Rheumatic heart disease is the most frequent cause. The mitral valve is most frequently affected. Chordae tendineae or valve calculus. Co...

When the mitral valve is not closed properly, blood can seep back into the heart, a condition known as mitral valve regurgitation. It may be seco...

Causes of Aortic StenosisCongenital bicuspid aortic valve—compensural fusion.Arthritis of the heartAcquired valve fibrosis and calcification.The

The thoracic cavity houses the heart and lungs, two essential thoracic organs that are shielded by the muscles of the chest wall and the bony tho...

Thoracic DuctIt rises into the chest through the aortic hiatus and lies behind the esophagus in the right chest between the aorta and the azygous...

LungsThe lungs develop from the protrusion of the primordial foreguts, which are divided into two buds. The left and right lungs will be formed b...