What are the Features of India's 2022 updated NDC for UNFCCC?

It's time to brush up your UPSC Current Affairs knowledge with our daily dose of Current Affairs. In today's edition, we will talk about the Features of India's 2022 updated NDC for UNFCCC.

Its relevance to the UPSC CSE syllabus is listed below:

For Prelims: Nationally determined contribution (NDC), National Action Plan on Climate Change, Emissions intensity, etc.

For Mains: India’s policy to tackle Climate Change Issue, Nationally determined contribution (NDC), etc.

Probable Question: Trace the evolution of India’s efforts towards addressing climate Change.

Context

In 2022, India updated its nationally determined contribution (NDC) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

Paris Climate Agreement

• It is a legally binding international climate treaty entered in 2015 under UNFCCC.
• It endeavours to hold the increase in the global average temperature to below 2 degrees above pre-industrial levels.
• To take efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.
• To limit the amount of greenhouse gases emitted by human activity to a level that can be naturally absorbed by trees, soils and oceans.

About Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)

• The updated NDC is a step towards India’s goal to reach net-zero emissions by 2070 in order to combat climate change.
• NDC are plans submitted by countries to work towards climate goals.
• They are submitted every five years to the UNFCCC secretariat.

The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) of 2008 outlines a national strategy that aims to enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhance the ecological sustainability of India‘s development path.

Also Read : Forests and Climate change

Features of India’s 2022 updated NDC

• Emissions intensity is the total amount of emissions emitted for every unit of GDP.
  • The updated contributions include reducing the emissions intensity of the GDP by 45% by 2030, compared to the 2005 level, while the previous target was 33-35%.
• Non-fossil fuel-based energy resources to constitute 50% of cumulative electric power installed capacity by 2030.
• Low-cost international finance, including the Green Climate Fund (GCF)  would be accessed.

Green Climate Fund (GCF): It is the world’s largest climate fund.Its mandate is to support developing countries raise and realise their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) ambitions towards low-emissions, climate-resilient pathways. Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI): It analyses and compares climate change mitigation efforts of countries.It assesses each country’s performance in four categories: GHG Emissions (40% of the overall ranking), Renewable Energy (20%), Energy Use (20%) and Climate Policy (20%).

• Sustainable living based on traditions, conservation, and moderation to combat climate change.
• It includes a mass movement called “LIFE”, towards an environmentally conscious lifestyle.

India’s performance in the past: In 2022, India ranked 10th in the climate change performance index (CCPI) released by Germanwatch.

News source - The Hindu

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