Feb 17, 2023
Proteins are the most abundant macromolecules in living systems, and they play a crucial role in many biological processes. Similarly, amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and their properties and interactions determine the structure and function of proteins. Therefore, understanding the structure and function of proteins and amino acids is essential for understanding many aspects of biochemistry.
Moreover, Amino acids and proteins are fundamental concepts in biochemistry, and they are likely to be tested in the NEET PG exam.
Read this blog further and learn more about this important biochemistry topic for NExT/ NEET PG exam preparation.
Serine | Threonine | Tyrosine |
Non-essential | Essential | Non-essential |
Polar | Polar | Polar |
Important Information
Answer for all of these 3 questions is OH containing AA.
4. Which AA is involved in N–Glycosidic bonds?
Ans: Asparagine (has CONH which can provide N for N-glycosidic bond)
1. Methionine
2. Cysteine
Important Information
Transport form of NH3?
Transdeamination: Transamination (peripheral cells) + Oxidative deamination (liver)
Note: In fats, double bond is present but in cis-configuration
Name | Definition |
1ᵒ Structure | Sequence of amino acids |
2ᵒ structure | Obtained from folding of 1ᵒ structureα Helix (Symmetrical / helical structure)β Sheetsβ Turns |
3ᵒ structure | Further folding of 2o structure to form a fully folded 3ᵒ structure |
4ᵒ structure | > 1 polypeptide chain e.g. Hb (four polypeptide chains) |
Monomeric protein: Those proteins which have only one monomer. They do not have Quaternary structure e.g. myoglobin
Important Information
AA not found in α-helix
Features |
1° |
2° |
3° |
4° |
Bond |
Covalent/ Peptide/ Amide |
Hydrogen bond |
|
(Mnemonic- HHI) |
Functional activity |
Absent |
Absent |
Present |
Present |
Denaturation |
Retained because peptide bond is very strong |
Lost |
Lost |
Lost |
Detection |
Mass spectrometry, Edman’s Technique |
|
Important Information
To study this topic in detail along with other important biochemistry topics, download the PrepLadder app and find high-quality video lectures and study material for NEET PG/NExT exam preparations.
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