New Drugs Approved in 2018

Oct 31, 2018

Usually, only 1 question is asked from New Drugs in competitive exams like AIIMS, PGI, NEET. Only JIPMER is one such exam where many questions are asked from this topic.

Pharmacology expert, Dr. Gobind Rai Garg advises doing this topic in the end. He says, if you are not particularly preparing for JIPMER exam, try to do this topic of new drugs only if you have already completed the syllabus of Pharmacology. So, don’t waste your time unless you have completed the basics of Pharmacology.

NEW DRUGS APPROVED IN 2018

Below is a comprehensive list of new drugs approved in 2018. The table includes the name of the drug, mechanism, route and indication.

Drug	Mechanism	Route	Indication
Andexanet alpha	Bind to Factor Xa inhibitors	Intravenous	To reverse overdose of rivaroxaban and apixaban
Apalutamide	Andreogen receptor antagonist	Oral	Prostate carcinoma
Avatrombopag	Thrombopoietin receptor agonist	Oral	Thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic liver disease
Baloxavirmarboxil	Inhibit viral replication by inhibiting Cap-dependent endonuclease activity of viral polymerase	Oral	Single dose treatment of Acute uncomplicated influenza
Baricitinib	Janus Kinase inhibitor	Oral	Rheumatoid Arthritis
Bictegravir	Integrase inhibitor	Oral	HIV
Binimetinib	MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor	Oral	BRAF V600E or V600K mutation-positive malignant melanoma
Burosumab	Monoclonal antibody against FGF-23	Subcutaneous	X-linked hypophosphatemia
Cannabidiol	Unknown	Oral	Lennox Gastaut syndrome Dravet Syndrome
Cemiplimab	Monoclonal antibody against Programmed Death receptor (PD-1)	Intravenous	Squamous cell carcinoma of skin
Cenegermin	Recombinant human nerve growth factor	Eye drops	Neurotrophic keratitis
Dacomitinib	EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor	Oral	Non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R substitution mutations
Doravirine	Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor	Oral	HIV
Duvelisib	Inhibitor of PI-3 kinase gamma and delta	Oral	Small lymphocytic lymphoma Follicular lymphoma Chronic lymphoid leukemia
Elagolix	GnRH antagonist	Oral	Pain associated with endometriosis
Elapegademase	Recombinant Adenosine deaminase enzyme	Intramuscular	Adenosine Deaminase-Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Encorafenib	BRAF-Kinase Inhibitor	Oral	BRAF V600E or V600K mutation-positive malignant melanoma
Eravacycline	Inhibit protein synthesis like other tetracyclines	Intravenous	Complicated intra-abdominal infections
Erenumab	Monoclonal antibody against CGRP	Sc	Migraine prophylaxis
Fostamatinib disodium hexahydrate	Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor	Oral	ITP
Fremanezumab	Monoclonal antibody against CGRP	Subcutaneous	Migraine prophylaxis
Galcanezumab	Monoclonal antibody against CGRP	Subcutaneous	Migraine prophylaxis
Ibalizumab	MAb against CD4	Iv	HIV
Inotersen	Antisense oligonucleotide against transthyretin mRNA	Subcutaneous	Polyneuropathy of hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis
Ivosidenib	Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) inhibitor	Oral	Acute myeloid leukemia with IDH2 mutation
Lanadelumab	Monoclonal antibody against plasma kallikrein	Subcutaneous	Hereditary Angioneurotic Edema
Lofexidine	Alpha 2 agonist	Oral	To decrease opioid withdrawal symptoms
Lusutrombopag	Thrombopoietin receptor agonist	Oral	Thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic liver disease
Lutetium lu 177 dotatate	Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy	Intravenous	Gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Megalastat	Pharmacological chaperone for Alpha galactosidase	Oral	Fabry’s disease
Mogamulizumab	Monoclonal antibody against CCR-4	Intravenous	Mycosis fungoides Sezary syndrome
Moxetumomabpasudutox	Monoclonal antibody against CD22 conjugated with Pseudomonas exotoxin	Intravenous	Hairy cell leukemia
Moxidectin	Bind to Glutamate and GABA chloride channels	Oral	Onchocerciasis
Omadacycline	Inhibit protein synthesis like other tetracyclines	Oral Intravenous	Community acquired bacterial pneumonia Acute skin and skin structure infections
Patisiran	Small Interfering RNA based therapy against mutant transthyretin	Intravenous	Polyneuropathy in patients with transthyretin mediated amyloidosis
Pegvailase	Substitute of Phenylalanine hydroxylase	Sc	Phenylketonuria
Plazomicin	Inhibit protein synthesis like other aminoglycosides	Intravenous	Complicated UTI
Sarecycline	Inhibit protein synthesis like other tetracyclines	Oral	Inflammatory lesions of non-nodular moderate to severe acne
Segesterone + ethinyl estradiol	Inhibit ovulation	Vaginal ring	Contraception (once yearly)
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate	Binds to K and increase fecal excretion	oral	Hyperkalemia
Stiripentol	Increases GABAergic activity	Oral	Dravet Syndrome
Talazoparib	PARP inhibitor	Oral	breast cancer with a germline BRCA mutation
Tecovirimat	Inhibit formation of extracellular viral forms	Oral	Small pox
Tefenaquine	Free radical mediated killing of hypnozooites	Oral	Single dose radical cure of P. vivax malaria
Tildrakizumab	MAb against IL-23	Sc	Plaque Psoriasis
Tizacaftor + ivacaftor	CFTR stimulator and potentiator	Oral	Cystic fibrosis
Tolvaptan	Vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist	Oral	To slow kidney function decline in adult polycystic kidney disease