Morning Sickness: Causes, Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Complications

Morning sickness during pregnancy is a feeling that resembles diurnal nausea and vomiting. It's not uncommon to experience morning sickness, especially during the first trimester of pregnancy. Some pregnant women, however, suffer morning sickness the whole time. 

Home remedies for nausea reduction include taking over-the-counter medications or drinking ginger ale as a snack during the day. Severe morning sickness rarely leads to hyperemesis gravidarum.

 This happens when the nausea and vomiting cause the patient to lose a substantial amount of fluids or more than 5% of their pre-pregnancy weight. Hospitalization may be necessary for hyperemesis gravidarum treatment.

Causes Of Morning Sickness 

What causes morning sickness is uncertain. There could be variations in hormones involved. Rarely can severe nausea or vomiting be brought on by a medical condition unrelated to pregnancy, such a  thyroid disease or gallbladder problems.

Symptoms Of Morning Sickness 

Nausea is common during pregnancy, whether or not vomiting happens. Morning sickness can be brought on by consuming specific foods or breathing specific aromas.

Morning sickness is most common in the first trimester of pregnancy. It usually starts before nine weeks. Usually, symptoms improve by the middle or end of the second trimester of pregnancy.

Also Read: Polyhydramnios: Causes, Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Treatment

Risk Factors Of Morning Sickness 

Morning sickness can affect everyone pregnant, though some people may be more vulnerable than others:

• Had morning sickness in a prior pregnancy
• Experienced nausea or vomiting from non-pregnancy-related disorders, like migraines or motion sickness
• Are expecting multiples, like twins.

Those who may be at an increased risk of developing hyperemesis gravidarum include:

• Are expecting a female child
• Have a family history of gravidarum hyperemesis 
• Had hyperemesis gravidarum in the past when pregnant.

Also Read: Perimenopause: Causes, Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment and Complications

Diagnosis Of Morning Sickness 

Symptoms are usually used to diagnose morning sickness. In addition to blood and urine testing, your healthcare professional might suggest an examination if they suspect hyperemesis gravidarum.

Treatment Of Morning Sickness 

Ginger, vitamin B-6 supplements (pyridoxine), and drugs like doxylamine (Unisom) can all be used to treat morning sickness. Prescription anti-nausea medications may be required if symptoms worsen.

Vomiting during pregnancy may cause dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities, such as imbalances in potassium and sodium. You should take prescription medicine and drink more water if you suffer from mild to severe morning sickness.

Patients with hyperemesis gravidarum may receive intravenous fluids and antiemetic medicines at a hospital. In rare circumstances, continuing weight loss may make a feeding tube necessary.

Before taking any vitamins or drugs while you are pregnant, speak with your healthcare provider.

Also Read: Polyhydramnios: Causes, Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Treatment

Prevention Of Morning Sickness 

Effortlessly avoiding morning sickness is unattainable. Consuming a daily vitamin supplement, however, might be beneficial both before and throughout pregnancy.

Complications Of Morning Sickness 

It normally doesn't hurt to experience mild pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting.

A low amount of bodily fluids known as dehydration can result in severe nausea and vomiting if left untreated. Moreover, it can result in an imbalance of electrolytes, which are blood salts that regulate the body's fluid equilibrium. 

Reduced urine output might result from severe nausea and vomiting. Contradictory evidence exists on the potential impact of hyperemesis gravidarum on the fetus's ability to grow throughout pregnancy.

Also Read: Pap Smear: Uses, Preparation, Procedure and Results

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