Thyroid, Parathyroid And Adrenal Image Based Question

Diagnosis: Thyroglossal Cyst

Congenital; age of presentation: 15–30 years The most prevalent location is the sub hyoid area. · Moves with deglutition· Moves up on tongue protrusion The most frequent cancer associated with thyroglossal cysts is called papillary carcinoma. Therapy: Sistrunk operation.

Radioactive Iodine Scan aka Thyroid Scan

A normal thyroid scan reveals homogenous uptake in both thyroid lobes. A cold nodule is relatively white due to lesser uptake than the surrounding thyroid issue. A hot nodule has relatively greater uptake in one nodule compared to the rest of the thyroid gland.

Risk of Malignancy

A hot nodule carries a 1-3% chance of cancer, but a cold nodule carries a 17–20% risk.

Diagnosis: Pretibial Myxedema

Non-pitting edema owing to infiltrative dermopathy caused by GAGS deposition (mostly hyaluronic acid) Pretibial skin and the dorsum of the foot are the locations. Observed in both Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Grave's disease, with Grave's disease having a comparatively higher prevalence.

Morphological Variants of Pretibial Myxedema

Diagnosis: Mucosal Neuroma of Tongue Which is Characteristic

to MEN 2B aka MEN 3 Syndrome

MEN 2B / MEN 3 characteristics include: · Thyroid gland cancer in the medullary cavity, Pheochromocytoma, Large colon,  Marfanoid features, Mucosal neuromas, Intrahematic ganglioneuroma.
[Mnemonic: MP Had 3MI].

Also Read: High-Yield NEET SS Surgery Breast and Endocrine Questions

MIBG Scan: Meta Lodo Benzyl Guanidine Scan

Practical for diagnosing extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma · Due to its superior sensitivity, MRI is the IOC for pheochromocytoma · Radiological IOC for  Adrenal pheochromocytoma → MRI · Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma → MRI · Pheochromocytoma in pregnancy → MRI 

The gold standard imaging technique for defining the staging of pheochromocytoma is →FDG-PET·FNAC and biopsy are not recommended in pheochromocytoma·

Image-A → Shows localized uptake to  adrenal, suggesting benign pheochromocytoma·

Image-B → Shows multiple areas of uptake, suggesting malignant.

Diagnosis – Neuroblastoma

The picture displays periorbital ecchymosis, sometimes known as a racoon eye with proptosis, which is brought on by neuroblastoma orbital metastases.

Diagnosis: Blueberry Muffin Lesions

The cause is cutaneous metastasis, which is observed in Neuroblastoma.

Diagnosis:  Drooping Lily Sign

The Drooping Lily Sign is observed in Neuroblastoma and Ureteral Duplicatons. It results from a mass near the kidney that pushes the kidney inferolaterally.

Also Read: Prune Belly Syndrome (Eagle Belly Syndrome)

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