Inguinal Canal & Spermatic Cord - NEET PG

Anatomy is a crucial subject when it comes to NEET PG exam preparations. Having a strong understanding of the subject is crucial, specifically for all the high-yield topics in anatomy. In this blog, we will take a look at one of the key topics in anatomy that is commonly covered in the NEET PG examination, Inguinal Canal & Spermatic Cord. 

Read this blog further for effective, crisp and concise medical notes on this important topic. 

BOUNDARIES AND CONTENT 

INGUINAL CANAL 

• External oblique runs antero inferiorly forms ant, wall inturned tendon forming inguinal ligament to form floor of inguinal canal.
• Superficial inguinal ring → defect in ext. oblique aponeurosis 
• Spermatic cord come from superficial inguinal ring towards testis 

Inguinal ligament 

• Attaches to anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle 
• Modification of external oblique aponeurosis 
• Internal oblique forms arching fibres which form anterior wall, roof & post. wall of inguinal canal in medial aspect 

Transversus abdominis 

• More lateral & do not contribute to ant. Wall 
• Sends arching fibres to form roof & posterior wall in medial aspect 
• Merges with fibres of internal oblique forming CONJOINT TENDON

Transversalis fascia 

• Present deep to transversus abdominis
• Defect in transversalis fascia → DEEP INGUINAL RING

Also Read: Development of the Nervous System - NEET PG Anatomy

INFERIOR epigastric artery  

• Present at the medial wall of deep inguinal ring 
• Br. of external iliac artery 
• Enters the rectus sheath 
• Follows inferior epigastric vessels 
• Inferior epigastric vessels forms LATERAL UMBILICAL fold (peritoneal fold)
  • Indirect inguinal hernia → Hernia coming lateral to these vessels 
  • Direct inguinal hernia → Hernia coming medial to these vessels 
• External iliac artery becomes femoral artery after passing the inguinal ligament 

Also Read: Gametogenesis - Definition, Stages and Types - NEET PG Anatomy

SPERMATIC CORD 

Median umbilical ligament is formed by URACHUS 

Medial umbilical ligament is obliterated umbilical artery 

PYRAMIDALIS MUSCLE 

• Small muscle near the pubis bone attaching to it 
• Pyramidalis & rectus abdominis both covered by rectus sheath 
• Supplied by T12 nerve (subcostal nerve) 

CUT SECTION 

Most superficial – External oblique aponeurosis contributing to external spermatic fascia 

• Internal oblique contributing to Cremasteric fascia 
• Transversalis fascia forming the internal spermatic fascia 
• CONTENTS INSIDE
  • Testicular Artery 
  • Pampiniform plexus of veins drains the testis 
  • Ductus deferens 

Nerve inside spermatic cord 

• Genital branch of Genitofemoral nerve controls cremasteric reflex 

Illoinguinal nerve outside the spermatic cord inside the inguinal canal 

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