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Jun 21, 2023
Ventilation is the air movement between the environment and the lungs via inhalation and exhalation. Mechanical ventilation using artificial methods to assist breathing
Modes of ventilation is one of the most important aspects of using mechanical ventilation. The mode refers to the method of inspiratory support. Mechanical ventilation machines are available with invasive and non-invasive modes.
Read this blog further to get a quick overview of this important topic for DERMATOLOGY and gynaecology and ace your NEET PG exam preparation.
Mode of ventilation | Controlled mode ventilation (CMV) | Synchronized intermittent mode ventilation(SIMV) | Pressure control ventilation (PCV) | Ps-pressure support | Continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP) |
Physical character | The patient's weight is 50kg | RR 14/min | Pressure is being controlled | Spontaneous breathing | PEEP +CPAP |
Tidal volume | Tidal Volume 7-8 ml/kg | Tidal Volume 400ml/kg | Not a weaning mode | Works on two mechanisms | It enables the alveoli to be open |
Patient efforts | No efforts from the patient's side | Less V/Q mismatch | Less protective ventilation | CPAP | To improve the oxygenation |
Usage | Heavily sedated | No/slight sedation | Pediatric | BIPAP | Decrease in bp and urine output |
Control ventilation is a mode of ventilation in which the respirator delivers the preset volume or pressure regardless of the patient's inspiratory efforts. It is indicated in patients with severe neurological alterations, deep sedation, shock, or respiratory failure.
Feature | To avoid any kind of synchrony |
The patient weighs 50kg. | V/Q is mismatched. |
Tidal volume is 7-8 ml/kg. | There is more hemodynamic imbalance. |
There is no effort from the patient's side. | It is not a weaning mode. |
The patient is heavily sedated/paralyzed. | It is used for a patient under general anesthesia. |
Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation is a ventilator mode that enables partial mechanical assistance. This ventilator mode will provide a set number of breaths at a fixed tidal volume, but a patient can trigger a spontaneous breath with the volume determined by patient effort.
Graph description:
The patient's tidal volume is 400 ml, as shown in the 1st slope of the graph. 2nd slope of the graph represents If the patient breathes only 250 ml, the ventilator will provide an additional 150 ml to make it 400 ml of tidal volume.
Feature | Avoid any synchrony |
The tidal volume of the patient is 400ml/kg | There is less V/Q mismatch.There is less hemodynamic imbalance. |
The respiratory rate of the patient is 14/min | No/slight sedation is required. |
The Patient and the ventilator are working in synchrony. | It is a weaning mode. |
Dermatology Related Articles:
Pressure-controlled ventilation is utilized in patients with an indwelling endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube that affords the practitioner the ability to ventilate a patient with a maximal peak pressure.
Features | Used in |
The Pressure is being controlled. | ARDS. |
The Upper limit of intra-alveolar pressure is fixed. | Pediatric. |
It is not a weaning mode. | |
It is a Lung protective ventilation. |
Pressure support ventilation (PSV) is a spontaneous mode of ventilation in which each breath is initiated by the patient but is supported by constant pressure inflation. The person is spontaneously breathing. It works on two mechanisms. CPAP-continuous positive airway pressure. PEEP- positive end-expiratory pressure = Enables the alveoli to open.
It enables the alveoli to be open at the end-expiration. It helps To improve the oxygenation of the patient. An increase in intrathoracic pressure leads to a decrease in venous pressure and a decrease in CO2 . BP is a decrease in the perfusion of a vital organ. A decrease in urine output.
CPAP is frequently used to evaluate a patient's chances of being extubated if they only need little ventilation support. It maintains the circuit pressure that the operator specifies throughout ventilation. PS is frequently combined with CPAP.
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