Disorders of Nose and Paranasal Sinus - NEET PG ENT
Feb 10, 2023
Disorders of the nose and paranasal sinuses are an important topic for NEET PG because they are common and can have a significant impact on a person's quality of life.
Therefore, it is essential for medical professionals to have a good understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the nose and sinuses, as well as the diagnosis and management of the various disorders that can affect these structures.
In this blog, we have covered this important ENT topic from the NEET PG exam point of view. Read on and get a quick overview and enhance your NEET PG Exam Preparation.
Rhinosinusitis
Acute Rhinosinusitis
Mc causative agent: Rhinovirus, self-limiting disease
In 10-20% cases it was caused by corona viruses
Novel corona virus not only cause acute rhinosinusitis, it also severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Discharge: mucoid (colourless) discharge
Treatment: Symptomatic
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis
M/c: Streptococcus pneumoniae
Discharge:Mucopurulent (Yellowish/Green)
Treatment: Symptomatic + Antibiotics
Chronic Rhinosinusitis
>12 weeks: Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Mc causative organism: Staph Aureus
Treatment: Culture/sensitivity directed Antibiotics + Nasal Decongestants (Rx of choice)
Excess usage of Nasal decongestants for long period of duration which leads to Rebound congestion because of that hypertrophy occurs & congestion of nasal mucosa leads to nasal obstruction
Rx: Intra nasal corticosteroid spray (DOC)
6. Allergic Rhinosinusitis
M/c allergen: Carpet dust mites/ House dust mite
Symptoms:
Intermittent Symptoms (< 4 days/ week or < 4 weeks)
Mild
Moderate - Severe
Persistent Symptoms (> days/week &> 4 weeks) OR
Mild symptoms – not causing day to day problems, life style is not affected
Moderate – Severe – lifestyle is affected, patient is not able to concentrate is school or office, day time lethargicness present
Pseudo stratified Ciliated columnar epithelium is converted to Stratified Squamous epithelium
Mc complaint: B/L Nasal obstruction
Foul smell (Ozaena)
Anaemia: Merciful Anosmia
Rx
Alkaline Nasal Douching : Crust softens Klebsiella does not grow
25% Glucose in Glycerine (Hygroscopic effect)
↓
Nourishes the columnar cells
Antibiotics
Multivitamins (Vitamin D), Fe supplements
Estrogen Spray
Surgery
Young's Operations: Alternative closure of each nasal cavity for 6 months
Modified Young's Operations: partially closing both Nasal cavities.
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