Uveitis - Symptoms and Causes - NEET PG Ophthalmology
Feb 14, 2023
Uveitis is an important topic for the NEET PG exam because it is a common and serious ocular condition that affects the uveal tract, the middle layer of the eye. Understanding the symptoms and causes of uveitis is crucial for medical students and aspiring ophthalmologists as it can help them diagnose and treat the condition effectively, leading to better patient outcomes.
In this blog, we provide you study material on symptoms and causes of uveitis for NEET PG exam preparation. Read on to strengthen your Ophthalmology preparations.
Overview
Uvea consists of 3 parts:
Iris
Ciliary body
Choroid
Uveitis is classified into 4 types
Anterior Uveitis (70%): M/C
Intermediate Uveitis
Posterior Uveitis
PanUveitis
ANTERIOR UVEITIS
Most common cause: Idiopathic.
2nd M/C cause: HLA B27 (of which ankylosing spondylitis is most common)
M/C cause of AU in children: JRA / JIA (Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis). Cells (WBC, neutrophils) are earliest marker of active disease
KP's (Keratic precipitates) seen in Arlt's Triangle (triangle in inferior part of cornea where all KP’s gets preferentially attached)
Exception: Diffuse KP's (can be attached anywhere in corneal endothelium apart from arlt’s triangle)
Cause of diffuse KP’s: Fuchs Heterochromic iridocyclitis & herpetic uveitis.
Granulomatous Uveitis (seen in TB, Syphilis and Sarcoidosis)
M/C: Mutton Fat KP's along with Koeppe's Nodules and Busacca's Nodules
INTERMEDIATE UVEITIS
It is inflammation of Pars plana + vitreous.
Cause - Idiopathic K/a pars planitis (M/C)
Sarcoidosis (2nd M/C)
Multiple Sclerosis (life threatening)
Presenting symptoms: Floaters. Loss of vision (rare): M/C cause is CME . Only and important sign in pars planitis: Snowballs & Snowbanks sign
Heterochromia (Color of iris in both eyes is different)
Diffuse stellate KP's
Cataract
Often associated with rubella
Patient present with unilateral, chronic, anterior uveitis
Not painful, low-grade uveitis, no loss of vision
Presenting symptoms - Cataract
Highest incidence of cataract caused by uveitis, absence of posterior synechiae
Amsler sign positive - Bleeding on opposite limbus on Paracentesis (180° away from limbus)
Operate and remove the cataract but avoid steroids as much as possible
Rubella Antibody present in Aqueous Humor
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