Important Health & Disease Questions for PSM Exam Prep

Public Health and Preventive Medicine or PSM as we all know it is one of the most crucial subjects. It is known to lay the foundation for understanding the prevention, diagnosis, and management of diseases at a community level.

If you are a NEET PG aspirant, mastering PSM is the key to your success. Excelling academically and building a comprehensive perspective on healthcare delivery and disease control is achievable.

In this blog, we’ve brought together a curated set of important questions and multiple choice questions specifically focusing on health and disease concepts, prevention strategies, and epidemiological principles.

These questions serve as a quick and effective way to reinforce key concepts and prepare for the competitive edge.

Important questions 

Q. How can the quality of life be improved?

Ans. By reducing mortality, morbidity, or disability due to diseases and improving the physical, mental, and social well-being of people.

Q. How do you measure the quality of life?

Ans.

• PQLI: Physical quality of life index
• HDI (human development index)

Q. Can PQLI measure economic growth?

Ans. No, because it does not consider per capita income.

• E.g., Kerala and Sri Lanka have high PQLI but less per capita income.
• Middle East countries have high per capita income but low PQLI.
• PQLI can measure the effect of political, economic, and social policies that are launched, but it cannot measure the economy.

Q. Is the link between economic prosperity and human development obvious?

Ans. No. Countries can have high income per capita but different HDI values.

Q. How can the HDI of a country be improved?

Ans. By providing quality education and better healthcare facilities.

Q. At which stage of the natural history of disease can primary prevention be applied?

Ans. Applied in the prepathogenesis phase (happening in the environment), and it promotes the concept of positive health. Positive health is the achievement and maintenance of an acceptable level of health that will enable every individual to lead a socially and economically productive life.

Q. Which stage of natural history of disease can secondary prevention be applied?

Ans. Applied in the pathogenesis phase, specifically in early pathogenesis.

Also read: Important Pathology Questions on Cell Injury – MCQs & Key Concepts

MCQs

Q. Disease in humans was due to bad clouds. This reflects which theory?

1. Web of causation
2. Germ theory
3. Multifactorial causation
4. Miasma theory

Q. In Advanced replaced by Epidemiological triad, agent is:

1. Determinant risk factors
2. Causative bacterium/virus
3. Causative factors
4. Determinant factors

Q. Web of causation of disease, which statement is most appropriate?

A. Most applicable for common disease

B. Requires complete understanding of all factors associated with causation of disease

C. Epidemiological ratio

D. Helps to suggest ways to interrupt the risk of transmission

Q. Which of the following is not true regarding pathogenesis phase a disease?

A. Screening is of no use in changing the cause of disease.

B. Tertiary prevention is possible.

C. Entry of organisms occurs.

D. Includes subclinical cases.

Q. PQLI is

a. Disability indicator

b. Quality of life indicator

c. Standard of living indicator

d. Level of living indicator

Q. HDI includes

a. IMR

b. Life expectancy at birth

c. Life expectancy at 1-year

d. Literacy rate

Also read: Plasma Cell Dyscrasia & Flow Cytometry in Hematology

Q. True about PQLI

a. Literacy rate, birth rate, life expectancy at birth

b. Life expectancy at 1 year, IMR, literacy rate

c. Life expectancy at birth, income, literacy rate,

d. Soon to be replaced by GNP

Q. HDI includes

a. IMR

b. Life expectancy at birth

c. Life expectancy at 1-year

d. Longevity

e. GDP

Q. True about PQLI is all except

a. 0-100

b. Kerala state has low per capita income but high PQLI

c. It measures economic growth

d. Includes infant mortality, life expectancy at age 1, and literacy

Q. PQLI lies between

a. 0 and 1

b. 0 and 10

c. 0 and 100

d. 1 and 10

Q. Minimum and maximum values established life expectancy for calculation of index in HDI are

a. 0 yrs and 65 yrs

b. 0 yrs and 85 yrs

c. 20 yrs and 85 yrs

d. 0 yrs and 100 yrs

Q. Not included in the human poverty index is.

a. % of the population not surviving up to 40 years of age.

b. Under nutrition for age.

c. Occupation.

d. % of the population not using safe water sources.

Q. Global Hunger Index does not include

a. IMR

b. U5MR

c. Child Mortality Rate

d. Child undernutrition

e. Child undernourishment

Also read: Important MCQs on National Health Programs

Q. Consider the following statements: the term 'disease control' describes ongoing operations aimed at reducing the?

1. Incidence of the disease

2. The financial burden to the community

3. Effects of infection including both physical and psychological complications

4. Duration of disease and its transmission

Which option is correct?

a. 1,2,3 are correct

b. 1,3,4 are correct

c. 1, 2, and 4 are correct

d. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

Q. Disease elimination refers to?

a. Extinction of disease agent

b. Termination of all diseases

c. Global removal of the disease agent

d. Regional removal of the disease agent

Q. Cessation of infection and disease from the whole world?

a. Control

b. Elimination

c. Extinction

d. Eradication

Q. Causative agent is present but there is no transmission known as?

a. Elimination

b. Control

c. Eradication

d. Endemic

Q. Why did eradication programs against malaria, yaws, plague, kala-azar, and yellow fever fail?

a. Hidden foci of infection

b. Unrecognized methods of transmission

c. Resistance of the vector or organism

d. All of the above

Also read: Overview of Key Child Health Initiative Programs in India

Q. Discouraging children from adoption harmful lifestyles:

A. Primordial

B. Primary

C. Secondary

D. Tertiary

Q. Action taken prior to the onset of disease which removes the possibility that a disease will ever occur:

A. Primordial Prevention

B. Primary Prevention

C. Secondary Prevention

D. Tertiary Prevention

Q. A person is going for a self-health check up to a hospital as his father died last week due to ischemia.

Which prevention is this?

A. Primary

B. Primordial

C. Secondary

D. Tertiary

Q. The prevention of emergence or development of a risk factors in countries or population groups in which they have not yet appeared is:

A. Primordial Prevention

B. Primary Prevention

C. Secondary Prevention

D. Tertiary Prevention

Q. Which of the following is health promotion i.e. first level of prevention?

A. PAP smear

B. Use of helmet

C. Root canal treatment

D. Encouraging physical activity

Also read: Understanding Health Indicators: Importance & Types

Q. Specific protection includes:

A. Personality development

B. Immunization against specific disease

C. Specific nutritional diet

D. Protection from occupational hazards

E. Environmental modification

Q. An example of Primary Prevention:

A. Measles vaccination

B. Smoking cessation after a heart attack

C. Self-breast examination for lump

D. Cervical cytology screening

Q. Use of seatbelt while driving car is example of:

A. Health promotion

B. Specific Protection

C. Early diagnosis and treatment

D. Disability Limitations

Q. Desk provided with table top to prevent neck problem is an example of:

A. Primordial Prevention

B. Primary Prevention

C. Secondary Prevention

D. Disability Limitation

Q. School health check up comes under which level of prevention:

A. Primordial Prevention

B. Primary Prevention

C. Secondary Prevention

D. Tertiary Prevention

Q. Fetal cardiac monitoring is type of:

A. Primary Prevention

B. Secondary Prevention

C. Tertiary Prevention

D. Primordial Prevention

Q. After excision of breast for Ca breast, surgical reconstruction of breast tissue was done. This reflects:

A. Primary Prevention

B. Secondary Prevention

C. Tertiary Prevention

D. Medical Treatment

E. Surgical Treatment

Q. The chest x ray sputum analysis and DOTS therapy for TB detection constitute:

A. Medical Treatment

B. Primordial Prevention

C. Primary Prevention

D. Secondary Prevention

E. Tertiary Prevention

Q. Use of condoms for protection against sexually transmitted diseases qualifies are:

A. Primordial Prevention

B. Health promotion

C. Specific Protection

D. Secondary Prevention

Also read: Air Pollution: Types, Indicators, and Measurements

Q. Vitamin A prophylaxis to a child is:

A. Health promotion

B. Specific Protection

C. Primordial Prevention

D. Secondary Prevention

Q. Secondary level of prevention includes all the following except:

A. Health screening for diabetes mellitus

B. Case finding for falciparum malaria

C. Contact tracing for STIs

D. Reconstructive surgery leprosy

Q. Which of the following is an example of disability limitation in poliomyelitis:

A. Reducing occurrence of polio by Immunization

B. Arranging for schooling of children suffering from PRPP

C. Resting affected limbs in neutral position

D. Providing calipers for walking

Q. Early ambulation after a major operation is example of:

A. Health promotion

B. Specific Protection

C. Disability Limitations

D. Rehabilitation

Q. National iron plus initiative is an example of:

A. Primordial Prevention

B. Primary Prevention

C. Secondary Prevention

D. Tertiary Prevention

Q. Example of Disability Limitations:

A. DOTS

B. quits smoking

C. BCG vaccine

D. Spectacles for refractory errors

Q. Installation and uses of sanitary latrine by the general public constitute which level of prevention?

A. Health promotion

B. Specific Protection

C. Early diagnosis and treatment

D. Disability Limitations and Rehabilitation

Also read: Health Communication and Interviews

Q. Health indicators are used for

A. Health status of community

B. Requirement of health needs

C. Assess the rate of infection

D. To meet basic needs

Q. Health indicators characteristics include all except

A. Validity

B. Reliability

C. Affordability

D. Feasibility

Q. Analysis of routine measurement is aimed at detecting changes in the environment?

a. Monitoring

b. Surveillance

c. Isolation

d. Evaluation

Q. All are elements of evaluation except?

a. Repeatability

b. Relevancy

c. Acceptability

d. Effectiveness

Q. For analysis of the functioning of a health center with respect to evaluation, which of the following is the most important for assessing clinical management?

a. Input

b. Output

c. Process

d. Structure

Q. Minimum input with maximum output is?

a. Efficiency

b. Effectiveness

c. Impact

d. Any of the above

Also read: Fertility Indicators in a Population

Q. Continuous activity of factors that determine the occurrence and distribution of diseases and other conditions of ill health is defined as?

a. Monitoring

b. Surveillance

c. Evaluation

d. Disease control

Q. Measures involved in sentinel surveillance include all of the following except?

a. Identifying missing cases in the notification of diseases

b. Identifying new cases of infection

c. Identifying old and new cases

d. Identifying cases free of disability

Q. A collection of stool samples under the national polio elimination program is an example of?

a. Active surveillance

b. Passive surveillance

c. Sentinel surveillance

d. Any of the above

Q. What is sentinel surveillance for?

a. Border districts

b. Malaria surveillance

c. Effective sanitary surveillance

d. Supplementary to routine notification

Q. What surveillance actually targets?

1. Prevent disease
2. Health planning
3. Disease eradication
4. Disease monitoring

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