Important Topics in Pediatric Neurology

Acute Pyogenic Meningitis

• Risk Factors of Acute Pyogenic Meningitis
• Etiology of Acute Pyogenic Meningitis
• Specific predisposing factors and etiology
• Pathogenesis of Acute Pyogenic Meningitis
• Pathology and Pathophysiology
• Clinical Features of Acute Pyogenic Meningitis
• Causes of Absent Nuchal Rigidity
• Causes of False Positive Nuchal Rigidity: (No meningitis but nuchal rigidity is positive)
• Complications in acute pyogenic meningitis
• Sequelae in Acute Pyogenic Meningitis
• Contraindications for lumbar puncture
• CSF studies
• Role of steroids in acute pyogenic meningitis

Tubercular Meningitis

• Risk Factors
• Pathophysiology of TBM 
• Clinical Stages of TBM
• Diagnosis of TBM
• Treatment of TBM

Brain Abscess In Children

• Risk Factors for Brain Abscess
• Location & Pathology
• Stages of Brain Abscess
• Etiology
• Clinical Features
• Investigation
• Role of Surgery

Neurocysticercosis

• Neurocysticercosis
• Epidemiology
• Life Cycle Related to NCC
• Clinical Features Based Upon Location
• Clinical Features of Parenchymal NCC
• Investigations and Diagnosis
• AOCN 2021 Recommendations
• IAP Standard Treatment
• NCC Vs Tuberculoma

NCC Vs Tuberculoma

• Major Neurocutaneous Syndromes
• Neurofibromatosis-1 (NF-1)
• Clinical Diagnostic Criteria
• Neurological and Other Complications in NF-1
• MRI Imaging Neurofibromatosis-1
• Risk of Tumors and Malignancies in NF-1
• Follow-Up in NF-1
• Neurofibromatosis-2 (NF-2)
• Schwannomatosis
• Tuberous Sclerosis
• Diagnostic Criteria for Tuberous Sclerosis
• Management of TSC
• Follow-Up in TCS
• Sturge Weber Syndrome
• Types of SWS - Roach Scale
• Investigations in SWS
• Management of SWS
• Von Hippel-Lindau Disease
• Linear Naevus Sebaceous Syndrome
• Ataxia Telangiectasia
• PHACE Syndrome
• Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP)
• Hypomelanosis of ITO

Neonatal Seizures

• Epidemiology of Neonatal Seizures
• Types of Neonatal Seizures
• Jitteriness vs Seizure
• Benign Neonatal Sleep Myoclonus
• Etiology of Neonatal Seizure
• Clinical Evaluation of Neonatal Seizures
• Diagnostic Workup
• Bloody CSF Obtained
• Management of Neonatal Seizures
• Response Rates of Neonatal Seizures
• Weaning of AEDs
• Prognosis in Neonatal Seizures

Febrile Seizures

• Types of Febrile Seizures 
• Factors Responsible for Febrile Seizures
• Recurrence of Febrile Seizures
• Clinical Approach to Febrile Seizures
• Management of FS

Pediatric Epilepsy Syndromes

• Common Pediatric Epilepsy Syndromes
• Benign Neonatal Convulsions
• Benign Familial Neonatal Convulsions
• Rolandic Epilepsy
• Panayiotopoulos Syndrome
• Absence Seizures
• Childhood Absence Epilepsy
• Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME)
• Severe Epilepsy Syndromes 
• Lennox Gastaut Syndrome (LGS)
• Epileptic Encephalopathy Evolution
• Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy
• Landau-Kleffner Syndrome (LKS)
• Genetic Basis of West Syndrome and its Epidemiology

Infantile Tremor Syndrome

• Tremors
• Types of Tremors
• Infantile Tremor Syndrome (ITS)
• Clinical Features

Autoimmune Encephalitis

• Entities included
• Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis
• Clinical Presentation
• Investigations
• Treatment
• Outcome & Prognosis
• Encephalitis with Antibodies Against the Gaba-A Receptor
• Ophelia Syndrome
• Hashimoto Encephalitis
• Bickerstaff Encephalitis
• Rasmussen Encephalitis
• Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis
• Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome
• Basal Ganglia Encephalitis
• CLIPPERS

Cerebral Palsy

• Etiology and Risk Factors
• Classification of Cerebral Palsy
• Individual Forms of CP
• Monitoring for CP
• Diagnosis of CP
• Management of CP
• Prevention of Contractures in CP
• Prevention of CP

Rett Syndrome

• PM Studies-Brain Pathology
• Atypical RETT Syndrome
• Management

Dyslexia

• Hallmarks of Dyslexia
• Definitions of Dyslexia
• Etiopathogenesis of Dyslexia
• Phonological Theory of Dyslexia
• Clinical Features of Dyslexia
• Diagnosis of Dyslexia
• Management of Dyslexia

Neuromuscular Disorders

• Classification of Neuromuscular Disorders
• Clinical Features Suggestive of NM Disorders
• Pattern of Muscle Weakness - Visuals
• Work-Up needed in suspected NM Disorders in Children

Spinal Muscular Atrophy

• Genetic Basis
• Role of SMN Proteins in the Body
• Types of Spinal Muscular Atrophy
• Features of Type 1 SMA or Werdnig-Hoffmann Disease
• Investigations and Diagnosis
• Management

Muscular Dystrophies

• Muscular Dystrophies
• Classification for Muscular Dystrophies
• Understanding the Basic Proteins Involved
• Dystrophinopathies
• Clinical Manifestations of DMD
• Pseudohypertrophy of Muscles
• Loss of Ambulation and Deterioration in DMD
• Comparison with BMD
• Investigations and Diagnosis
• Treatment of Muscular Dystrophies
• Congenital Muscular Dystrophies
• Classification of CMDS
• Current Classification of CMDS
• Investigation and Diagnosis
• Treatment of CMD
• Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophies (LGMDS)
• Bethlem Myopathy
• Emery Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy
• Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy

Childhood Headache

• Types of Headaches
• The International Classification of Headache Disorder (ICHD3)
• A Clinical Approach to Childhood Headache
• Associated features and likely etiology
• Neuroimaging
• Potential Scenarios for MCQ/VIVA
• IAP 2022: A Summary of to Approach
• Migraine
• Pediatric Migraine
• Migraine Without Aura: ICHD-3b Diagnostic Criteria
• Migraine with Aura: ICHD-3b Diagnostic Criteria
• Migraine with Brainstem Aura: ICHD-3b Diagnostic Criteria
• Vestibular Migraine with Vertigo: ICHD-3b Diagnostic Criteria
• Clinical Dilemma
• Scoring Tool for Pediatric Migraine

Guillain-barre Syndrome

• Etiopathogenesis
• Pathogenesis
• Pathophysiology
• Clinical Presentation
• Subtypes of GBS
• Diagnosis of GBS 
• Treatment of GBS
• Prognosis of GBS
• Chronic Pain in GBS

Encephalitis In Children

• Etiology of Encephalitis
• Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES)
• Etiologies of Encephalitis
• Clinical Approach
• Evaluation & Diagnosis
• Treatment Principles 
• Japanese Encephalitis (JE)
• Life Cycle & Transmission
• Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES)
• Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis (HSVE)

ADHD & Autism

• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
• Co-Morbidities in ADHD
• DSM-5 Criteria for ADHD
• Behavior Rating Scales in ADHD
• Treatment of ADHD
• Prognosis in ADHD
• Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
• Epidemiology of ADA
• Comorbidities in ASD
• DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria in ASAD
• Severity levels in ASD
• Associated features of ASD, not in DMS-V 
• Red Flags for Autism - IAP 2022
• Diagnosis of ASD
• Investigations are needed in ASD
• Investigation needed in ASD
• Genetic Counseling in ASD
• Management of ASD

Management of Raised ICP in Children

• Principles of Sequential Therapy
• First Tier Therapy
• Combined Osmotherapy
• Second Tier Therapy

Newer Anti-epileptics In Pediatrics

• Generation of Antiepileptics 
• Eslicarbazepine (ESL)
• Lacosamide (LCM)
• Perampanel (PER)
• Everolimus (EVS)
• Retigabine (RTG)
• Brivaracetam (BRV)
• Cannabidiol (CBD)

Status Epilepticus  In Children

• ILAE Classification of SE
• Mechanism of Status Epilepticus
• Management of Status Epilepticus in Children

Treatment of NCC

• Treatment of Neurocysticercosis-IAP 2022
• Treatment: AOCN 2021 Update
• IDSA/ASTMH 2017-18 Guidelines for Neurocysticercosis in Atypical Sites
• Treatment: AOCN 2021 Update

TICS

• Types of TICS 
• Etiology of TICS
• Risk Factors for TICS
• Role of Autoimmune Mechanisms in TICS and Related Disorders
• Clinical Spectrum of Tic Disorders
• DSM–V Criteria
• Co-morbidities in Tic disorder

Hope you found this blog helpful for your NEET SS Pediatrics Preparation. For more informative and interesting posts like these, keep reading PrepLadder’s blogs. 

Download the PrepLadder app now to access high-yield content with 24-hr Free Trial.