Arsenic Poisoning: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Complications

Arsenic poisoning, commonly referred to as arsenicosis, can occur from consuming or inhaling high levels of arsenic. Arsenic is one type of carcinogen that has colors ranging from gray to silver to white. Arsenic is extremely poisonous to humans. Arsenic is extremely lethal because it has no taste or smell and can be exposed to you unintentionally.

Arsenic is a naturally occurring substance, but it is also present in inorganic, or "man-made," forms. They work in manufacturing, agriculture, and mining.

Arsenic poisoning appears to occur more commonly in industrialized environments, whether you live there or work there. There are several countries with high levels of arsenic contamination in their groundwater, including the US, China, India, and Mexico.

Causes Of Arsenic Poisoning

The most common cause of arsenic poisoning is groundwater pollution. Groundwater can be contaminated by arsenic, which is already in the earth. Furthermore, industrial plant runoff could find its way into groundwater. Long-term consumption of water tainted with arsenic can result in poisoning.

Arsenic poisoning may also be caused by the following additional factors:

• Breathing in air that contains arsenic
• Breathing contaminated air from plants or mines that utilize arsenic
• Inhaling smoke or dust from wood or garbage that has been treated with arsenic
• Living near an industrial area
• Breathing in trash or landfills
• Consuming food tainted with arsenic

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Symptoms of Arsenic Poisoning

Symptoms of arsenic poisoning could include:

• Red or inflamed skin, changes in the skin, such as warts or freshly formed lesions, and stomach pain
• Nausea 
• Vomiting
• Irregular heartbeat
• Cramps in the muscles 
• Tingling in the fingers and toes 
• Diarrhea

More severe adverse effects may arise from extended arsenic exposure. If you have any of the following symptoms after a suspected arsenic exposure, you should seek emergency medical attention:

• Skin discoloration
• Persistent sore throat, 
• Persistent stomach issues

According to the World Health Organisation, skin problems often begin to show up five years after exposure. Serious poisoning incidents may prove to be lethal.

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Diagnosis Of Arsenic Poisoning

A medical professional must diagnose arsenic toxicity. In addition to ensuring you receive the proper care, your doctor can assist you in determining the underlying cause and reducing your exposure going forward.

High levels of arsenic in the body can be detected with the following tests:

• Hair
• Urine
• Blood
• Nails

The majority of urine tests are carried out when there has been an acute exposure that occurred a few days apart. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that every other test evaluates exposure over a minimum of six months.

The limitation of all these tests is that they can only identify high blood arsenic levels. They are unable to recognize any possible drawbacks from exposure. However knowing if your body has high amounts of arsenic could help you adjust your lifestyle if needed.

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Treatment For Arsenic Poisoning

A specific treatment is not administered for arsenic poisoning. Reducing exposure to arsenic is the best way to treat the condition. A complete recovery could take several weeks or months. Everything depends on how long you are exposed. Your symptom intensity is another thing to think about.

Selenium and vitamin E supplements have been used as alternative treatments to decrease the effects of arsenic poisoning. It is thought that these substances balance each other out. Still, more studies on humans are needed to confirm vitamin E and selenium as useful treatment modalities.

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Prevention Of Arsenic Poisoning

One of the strongest defenses against arsenic poisoning is to make sure the water you consume is clean and filtered. You can also verify that all food is prepared using clean water.

If you work in a field that uses arsenic, exercise extra caution. To avoid inadvertently breathing in arsenic, wear a mask, and carry water from home. When traveling, try sticking to bottled water only.

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Complications Of Arsenic Poisoning

Extended exposure to arsenic can cause cancer. The most common cancers associated with exposure to arsenic are listed below:

• Liver
• Lungs
• Bladder
• Blood
• Digestive system
• Skin
• Kidneys
• Prostate

Arsenic poisoning might cause further health problems. Diabetes, heart disease, and neurotoxicity are possible with prolonged contact. Exposure to arsenic during pregnancy may result in abnormal birth outcomes or difficulties for the growing baby. Children who are exposed to arsenic on a regular basis may experience developmental problems.

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