Trimodal Mortality Model For Trauma - NEET PG Surgery

Trauma deaths are described using a trimodal pattern. A trimodal distribution of trauma deaths describes three peaks of deaths following trauma: immediate, early and late deaths. Let’s learn all the important details of this topic in the blog below. 

We’ve covered all the important points for more productive NEET PG exam preparation. 

TRIMODAL MORTALITY MODEL FOR TRAUMA 

The table below describes the trimodal distribution of trauma deaths.

Immediate death  (Occurs within minutes of injury)	Early death  (Occurs within hours of arrival into hospital)	Late death  (Occurs day to week after injury)
Declared dead at the scene  Die shortly after arrival to hospital  Causes  Irreversible brain injury Hemorrhage from injuries of  Heart  Aorta Liver  Lungs  Pelvic fracture	Causes  Intracranial hemorrhage  Internal hemorrhage involving respiratory system & abdominal organs  Multiple injuries leading to massive blood loss  Tension pneumothorax Cardiac tamponade	Causes  Sepsis (MC) Multiple organ failure

TIRAGE (TO SORT) 

Triage refers to categorizing patients on the basis of the severity of their injuries and by extension, the urgency and need for care.                                                         

• Used during mass casualties 
• It involves prioritizing victims into categories based on 
  • Severity of injury 
  • Likelihood of survival 
  • Urgency of care 

Also Read: High Yield Topics for Surgery

MNEMONIC: SLUT

Triage TAGS

Victims involved in a mass casualty incident are categorized using triage tags into different categories as per their treatment needs.

Following color codes are used to identify patient categorization:

1. Red (immediate) – Most critical injury patients 

• Head injury
• Injury to thorax or abdomen 
• Immediate care is required 

2. Yellow (Delayed)- Less critically injured patients

• Patient’s require in hospital treatment 

3. Green (ambulatory patient) – No life or limb threatening injury 

4. Black (expectant) – dead or moribund patients 

Related PYQ

Match the following categories of triage AIIMS NOV 2018

Red Yellow Green Black

No life or limb threatening injuries Immediate care is reqLess critically injured Dead or moribund patients Most critically injured Require in hospital treatment

1. 1-B;2C,F;3-A;4-D
2. 1-B;2C,F;3-A;E;4-D
3. 1-B;2C,F;3-A;4-D,E
4. 1-B, E;2-C;3-A;4-D,F

Ans: A

SEQUENCE FOLLOWED 

• In Trauma (According to ATLS)
• ABCD (Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure & environment control)
• In ACLS/ BLS
• CAB (Circulation Airway Breathing)

We hope this blog helped you understand the Trimodal Mortality Model for Trauma better. Stay tuned to cover all the important topics for NEET PG exam preparation with our crisp and concise NEET PG Medicine Notes. Make sure to download the PrepLadder app to enhance your preparations.