Important Topics for Pediatric Oncology Preparation

High-yield Pediatric Oncology topics for NEET SS including leukemias, lymphomas, brain tumors, syndromes, emergencies, and more.

Introduction And Epidemiology

Syndromes In Pediatric Oncology

• Chromosomal Deletion and Aneuploidy Syndromes
• Chromosomal Instability Syndromes
• Immunodeficiency Syndromes
• Syndromes Arising from Gene Mutations

Principles Of Therapy In Children

• Early Diagnosis and Multimodality Therapy
• How Childhood Cancer Presentation is Unique
• Diagnosis
• Screening for Childhood Cancers
• Diagnosis and Staging
• General Principles of Therapy
• Chemotherapy in Childhood Cancers
• Radiotherapy in Childhood Cancers
• Radiation Units Summarised
• Biological Therapy in Childhood Cancers
• Immunotherapy in Childhood Cancers
• Late Adverse effects of Cancer Therapy
• Late Adverse Effects of Cancer Therapy

Oncologic Emergencies In Children

• Hyperleukocytosis
• Risk Factors for Hyperleukocytosis
• Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
• Conditions Associated with TLS
• Diagnostic Criteria for Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
• Monitoring for TLS
• Prevention of TLS
• Management of TLS
• Dialysis in TLS
• Management of Various Metabolic Abnormalities
• Management Based on Risk Stratification
• Hypercalcemia
• Management of Hypercalcemia in Malignancies
• Extra edge: Humoral Hypercalcemia of Malignancy (HHM)
• SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion)
• Thoracic Emergencies
• Abdominal Emergencies
• Typhlitis (Neutropenic Enterocolitis)
• Other Abdominal Emergencies in Cancer
• Neurological Emergencies
• Spinal Cord Compression

Updates In Pediatrics Oncology

What's New In Pediatric Oncology

• HMP - S7 Study
• ACPs Effectiveness Against Anti-cancer Cells.
• Urinary N1, N12 - Diacetylspermine as a biomarker for paediatric cancer: a case-control study
• Neuropilin-1: A key protein to consider in the progression of paediatric brain tumors
• Study Regarding Prognostic marker in Wilms tumor
• India's first proton beam therapy pediatric patient
• Childhood Cancer in India

Leukemias in Children

• Types of Leukaemias

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia

• Prognostic Factors in ALL
• Acute Myeloid Leukemia
• Chloromas
• Management of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APML)
• Down Syndrome and Acute Leukemia

Chronic and Other Leukemias

• Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia
• Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML
• Congenital Leukemias

Lymphomas in Children

General and Hodgkin's Lymphoma

• Hodgkin's Lymphoma
• Pathology and Pathogenesis
• Type of Hodgkin Lymphoma
• Clinical Features
• Staging of Hodgkin Lymphoma
• Treatment and Prognosis
• Relapse of Hodgkin Lymphoma

Lymphomas in Children

• Types of NHLs
• HLVs NHL
• Site and Metastasis Patterns
• Staging in NHL
• Management of childhood NHL

Brain Tumours in Children

• Etiology
• Categorization of Brain Tumors
• Location of pediatric brain tumors
• Age-related types of brain tumors
• Clinical features of brain tumors in children
• Key Categories
• Individual Brain Tumors
• Astrocytomas in Children
• Medulloblastoma
• Genetic Subtypes of Medulloblastoma
• Other Embryonal Brain Tumors in Children
• Germ Cell Tumors (GCTs) in Brain
• Tumors of brainstem in children
• Metastatic Brain Tumor in Children

Neuroblastoma

• Key points about Neuroblastoma
• Pathology of Neuroblastoma
• Clinical features of Neuroblastoma
• Syndromes associated with Neuroblastoma
• Investigations of Neuroblastoma
• INSS Staging of Neuroblastoma
• Treatment for Neuroblastoma
• Prognostic factors of Neuroblastoma

Wilms Tumours

• Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome - Microdeletion syndrome
• Pathology of WT
• Clinical Features
• The National Wilms Tumor Study (NWTS)- Children's Oncology Group (COG) staging
• Prognostic Factors
• Wilms Tumour Predisposing Conditions
• WTI- Associated Wilms tumour predisposition syndromes
• Genetic variants that predispose to non-syndromic Wilms tumour
• Rare WT Complications

Retinoblastoma

• Genetics of Retinoblastoma
• Associated Tumours in Retinoblastoma
• Metastasis

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

• Concepts of LCH
• Clinical Classification of LCH
• Concept of “Risk Organs” in LCH

Hemangiomas In Children

• Types of Infantile Hemangiomas
• Clinical Features of Hemangiomas
• Variants of Hemangiomas
• Treatment of Infantile Hemangiomas
• Syndromes associated with Hemangiomas
• Lumbar Syndrome
• PHACES Syndrome
• Lymphatic Malformations

Bone Tumours In Children

Benign Bone Tumours In Children

• Classification of Bone Tumours in Children
• Benign Bone Tumours
• Osteochondroma (Exostosis of Bone
• Variants
• Enchondroma
• Chondroblastoma
• Osteoid Osteoma
• Osteoblastoma
• Fibromas
• Unicameral Bone Cyst (UBC)
• Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (ABC)
• Fibrous Dysplasia of Bones
• Vascular Bone Tumours

Malignant Bone Tumors

• Osteosarcoma or Osteogenic Sarcoma
• Risks Factors for Osteosarcoma
• Clinical Spectrum of the Disease
• X-Ray Findings
• Treatment of Sarcomas
• Histological Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Osteosarcoma
• Ewing's Sarcoma
• Molecular Genetics
• Clinical Spectrum
• Distinguishing Key Factors Between Osteosarcoma and Ewing Family of Tumors

Hepatic and Soft Tissue Tumors

Hepatoblastoma And Rhabdomyosarcoma

• Hepatoblastoma
• Risk factors of Hepatoblastoma
• Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma in Children

• Embryonal vs Alveolar RMS
• COG Staging in RMS
• COG Risk stratification for RMS

Germ Cell Tumors In Children

• Germ Cell Tumours (GCTs)
• Histological subtypes of GCTs
• Tumor markers in GCTs
• Teratomas
• Staging And Grading of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma

Pheochromocytoma

• Sites and Epidemiology
• Etiology and Syndromes
• Diagnostic Dilemma
• Treatment

Miscellaneous Rare Tumours In Childhood

• Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor (DSRCT)
• Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC)
• Colorectal Cancers in Children

Hope you found this blog helpful for your E-learning for NEET SS Pediatrics. For more informative and interesting posts like these, keep reading PrepLadder’s blogs. 

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