Entropion: Causes, Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Complications

When you have entropion, your eyelid rolls inward, rubbing your skin and lashes on the surface of your eye. It makes the patient feel annoyed and uncomfortable.

When you have entropion, your eyelid may be turned in all the time, or it may just happen when you squint or press your eyes shut. Entropion is more common in older adults and typically just affects the lower eyelid.

The symptoms of entropion can be lessened by using artificial tears and lubricating ointments. But to properly address the condition, surgery is usually necessary. Entropion can cause damage to the cornea, the clear layer in front of the eye, infections in the eyes, and blindness if left untreated.

Causes Of Entropion

Some possible causes of entropion include:

• Muscular deterioration: With age comes the weakening of the muscles and stretching of the tendons beneath your eyes. For entropion, this is the most common cause.
• Remnants of previous surgery or scars: An eyelid's natural curvature may be warped by skin that has been injured by trauma, chemical burns, or surgery.
• Itching of the eyes: The disease trachoma affects a large number of developing countries in the Pacific Islands, Latin America, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. It could cause the inner eyelid to scar, entropion, and blindness.
• Inflammation: When dryness or inflammation causes symptoms of an itchy eye, your initial reaction could be to rub or pinch your eyelids tight. Spastic entropion is the term for the condition where the muscles that govern the eyelids spasm and the edge of the lid rolls inward towards the cornea.
• A development issue: A skin fold that extends beyond the edge of the eyelid and turns the lashes inward might cause congenital entropion.

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Symptoms Of Entropion

The symptoms of entropion are brought on by the outer eyelid and eyelashes rubbing against the surface of your eye. You may come across:

• The feeling that something is in your eye
• Redness in the eyes
• Swollen or hurting eyes
• Highly sensitive to wind and light
• Moist teary eyes
• Crusting on the eyelids
• Mucous discharge

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Risk Factors of Entropion

The subsequent factors increase the likelihood of encountering entropion:

• Age: As you age, your chances of developing the illness increase.
• Previous burns or trauma: Your risk of entropion may be elevated by the scar tissue remaining on your face following a burn or other injury.
• Contamination by Trachoma: Because trachoma can induce scarring on the inner eyelids, those who have had the disease are more susceptible to developing entropion.

Diagnosis Of Entropion

To diagnose entropion, a routine physical examination, and an eye exam are typically adequate. Your doctor may gently tug on your eyelids or give you stern instructions to blink or close your eyes while doing the examination. This allows him or her to assess the placement, tone, and tightness of the muscles in your eyelid.

To determine whether your entropion is caused by scar tissue, previous surgeries, or other problems, your doctor will also examine the surrounding tissue.

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Treatment Of Entropion

Your entropion's cause will determine how you will be treated. To control symptoms and protect your eye, there are non-surgical treatments.

If entropion (spastic entropion) is caused by an infection or inflammation that is currently occurring, your eyelid may realign itself as you treat the affected area. If tissue scarring has occurred, entropion may persist even after the underlying condition is treated.

Surgery is generally required to cure entropion effectively; however, in cases when you cannot tolerate surgery or need to put it off, interim measures might be useful.

The stitches turn the eyelid outward, and even after they are removed, the scar tissue that remains keeps the eyelid in place. In a matter of months, your eyelid may move inward once more. As such, this is not a permanent solution.

Apply skin tape. To keep your eyelid from turning in, you can cover it with specialist translucent skin tape.

Surgery

It will depend on the condition of the tissue surrounding your eyelid the cause of your entropion what kind of surgery you require.

If your age is the cause of your entropion, your surgeon will likely remove a small bit of your lower eyelid. This helps the affected muscles and tendons get stronger. There will be a few stitches on your lower eyelid or in the space right below your lower eyelid or on the outside corner of your eye.

If you have scar tissue on the inside of your lid, have had trauma, or have had previous treatments, your surgeon may take tissue from the roof of your mouth or nasal passages to do a mucous membrane transplant.

A local anesthetic will be applied before to surgery to numb the area around your eyelid. You might be given a little sedative to help you relax, depending on the type of therapy you're receiving and whether it's being done in an outpatient surgical facility.

After surgery, you may need to:

• Use an antibiotic ointment on your eye for a week.
• Use cold compresses regularly to minimize bruising and swelling.
• After surgery, you may most likely feel as following transient swelling and bruises around your eyes
• You can have eyelid stiffness following surgery. Stitches are usually removed around a week after surgery. The bruises and swelling should go down in about two weeks.

Prevention Of Entropion

In most cases, entropion is irreversible. You may be able to prevent the kind caused by an infection with trachoma. If you visit an area where trachoma infections are common and your eyes begin to become red and irritated, get a diagnosis and treatment immediately.

Complications Of Entropion

Corneal irritation and injury are the most dangerous entropion-related adverse effects since they may cause irreversible vision loss.

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